Iron Deficiency Anemia
Einstein Health Glossary
ICD 10 - D50
What is iron deficiency anemia?
This type of anemia is part of the group of hemolytic anemias, which share the common abnormality of a reduced lifespan of red blood cells.
Cause
Generally, iron deficiency occurs due to inadequate intake, but it can also result from chronic blood loss or absorption defects.
Breastfeeding protects the child due to the transfer and systematic absorption of iron through nursing. Cow's milk does not contain enough iron to prevent anemia.
The diet of a child with iron deficiency anemia should, whenever possible, include meat or meat juice. Liver, beef, fish, and chicken are rich in iron. Many vegetables, such as spinach, have high concentrations of iron; however, plant-based iron is difficult to absorb. Orange and lemon juices, due to their high vitamin C content, facilitate iron absorption.
In women, the main cause of iron deficiency anemia is excessive menstruation. In adult men, the digestive tract should always be investigated, as well as in women over 50 or those with a history of menstrual loss.
Treatment
Once anemia is detected, in addition to dietary changes, iron cookware or utensils can be used to prepare food in general. Iron transfers from the cookware to the food. Children should also undergo stool tests, as some parasites, such as hookworms, can cause anemia.
The use of iron-based vitamins should be guided by a physician.