Lactose Intolerance
Einstein Health Glossary
ICD 10 - E73
What is lactose intolerance?
Lactose intolerance is the term used for the inability to properly digest milk sugar, also known as lactose. It is different from a milk protein allergy.
Symptoms
The main symptoms of lactose intolerance are usually abdominal cramps, bloating, gas, and diarrhea.
Causes
Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase. This enzymatic deficiency may be related to factors such as age, genetics, infections, medication use, and intestinal diseases.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of lactose intolerance is made, in most cases, by correlating clinical data and observing whether symptoms improve with dietary restriction. However, in some cases, additional tests may be necessary.
Prevention Method
There are no known ways to prevent intolerance, but reducing or completely eliminating the consumption of milk and its derivatives helps avoids symptoms. Supplementing with the enzyme lactase just before consuming this type of food is another strategy to prevent gastrointestinal issues.
Treatment
The treatment of lactose intolerance focuses on reducing the intake of dairy products. Supplements containing the enzyme lactase, which should be taken just before a meal, or lactose-free products are other ways to manage the condition. Talk to a healthcare professional.
Duration
In general, lactose intolerance is a lifelong condition unless it is caused by an illness. In that case, the duration depends on the underlying cause.
Is it contagious?
Lactose intolerance is not contagious.
Can it be contracted more than once?
In general, a person will have to live with lactose intolerance for the rest of their life.