Scarlet Fever
Einstein Health Glossary
ICD 10 - A38
What is scarlet fever?
Scarlet fever is a throat infection caused by Streptococcus bacteria, usually following inadequate treatment. This bacterium releases toxins that trigger systemic reactions such as fever, skin rashes, general discomfort, and fatigue. Scarlet fever is most common in children between the ages of 5 and 15.
Symptoms
Symptoms of scarlet fever include skin irritation and redness over large areas of the body. Sore throat and high fever are also common.
Causes
Scarlet fever is caused by Streptococcus type A bacteria, the same responsible for tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and erysipelas.
Diagnosis
Scarlet fever is usually diagnosed by observing symptoms. Tests to detect the bacteria may be requested.
Prevention
Scarlet fever is a contagious disease for which no vaccine exists. The best method of prevention is to avoid contact with infected individuals.
Treatment
Scarlet fever is treated with antibiotics.
Duration
Scarlet fever symptoms typically last about a week. Symptoms tend to improve within two to three days after starting treatment.
Is it contagious?
Scarlet fever is a contagious disease transmitted through contact with saliva droplets and secretions from infected individuals.
Can it be contracted more than once?
Although rare, it is possible to have scarlet fever more than once.