Tetanus
Einstein Health Glossary
ICD 10 - A34/A35
What is tetanus?
Tetanus is a serious infection that causes painful muscle contractions and can lead to death. It is caused by a toxin from the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which enters the body through skin wounds.
Symptoms
Tetanus causes painful muscle contractions, especially in the jaw and neck. This condition can interfere with the ability to breathe and, without treatment, may result in death.
Causes
Tetanus is caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is found in soil, objects, or plants. The bacterium enters the body through skin injuries.
Diagnosis
Tetanus is diagnosed clinically, based on symptoms and the patient’s report of possible exposure. Laboratory or imaging tests may help rule out other diseases with similar symptoms.
Prevention Method
The best way to prevent tetanus is through vaccination, with booster doses every ten years. In case of suspected infection, thoroughly clean the wounded area and seek medical attention.
Treatment
Tetanus treatment involves antibiotics, muscle relaxants, and specific antitetanus medications, always under medical supervision. However, it is important to note that the disease can be controlled through vaccination.
Duration
Once the tetanus bacterium enters the body, symptoms typically appear within three days to three weeks. Recovery also varies but may take up to a month.
Contagious?
Tetanus is not transmitted from person to person. The Clostridium tetani bacterium enters the body through skin wounds.
Can it be contracted more than once?
It is possible to have tetanus again after recovering from a first episode.